As a shorthand for the past decade of Saudi politics, the Vision 2030 project encompasses several interlocking processes: the personalization of political power around Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MBS), the rewiring of the Saudi administrative state to ensure more effective policy implementation, the relaxation of long-standing social restrictions, a concerted effort to diversify the kingdom’s oil-dependent economy, and the stern repression of any public dissent (outside of carefully controlled channels).